Receiving a quit notice from your landlord can feel overwhelming, especially when it comes unexpectedly. But here’s the truth: a quit notice is not an eviction order. It is only the first legal step in the process, and you still have rights, time, and options.
This guide explains exactly what to do, how to protect yourself, and how to avoid costly mistakes many tenants make.
What Is a Quit Notice?
A quit notice is a written notice from a landlord telling a tenant to vacate a rented property after a certain period.
It is required by law before a landlord can start eviction proceedings.
Under Section 13 of the Lagos State Tenancy Law 2011, and similar laws across Nigeria, landlords must give proper notice before taking a tenant to court.
Types of Notices a Landlord May Issue
- Notice to Quit – Tells the tenant to vacate after a stated period.
- 7 Days’ Owner’s Intention to Recover Premises – Comes after the quit notice expires.
- Court Summons or Writ of Possession – This is the actual eviction process, issued by a court.
Only a court can authorize eviction in Nigeria.
How Long Should a Quit Notice Be?
This depends on the type of tenancy you have.
Below is the legally recognized notice duration:
Table: Legal Notice Periods Based on Tenancy Type (Nigeria)
| Type of Tenancy | Required Notice Period | Legal Basis |
| Yearly Tenancy | 6 months’ notice | S.13(2) Lagos Tenancy Law 2011 |
| Half-Yearly Tenancy | 3 months’ notice | S.13(2) Lagos Tenancy Law 2011 |
| Quarterly Tenancy | 3 months’ notice | S.13(2) Lagos Tenancy Law 2011 |
| Monthly Tenancy | 1 month’s notice | S.13(2) Lagos Tenancy Law 2011 |
| Weekly Tenancy | 1 week’s notice | S.13(2) Lagos Tenancy Law 2011 |
Note:
If your written agreement provides a different notice period, that period applies as long as it is not less than the statutory minimum.
What to Do When You Receive a Quit Notice
1. Stay Calm and Read the Notice Carefully
Check for:
- Date the notice was issued
- Date you are required to vacate
- Who signed it (landlord or lawyer)
- Reason for the notice (if stated)
A valid notice must clearly state the duration and when it begins and ends.
2. Confirm Whether the Notice Is Valid
A quit notice may be invalid if:
- The wrong notice period was given
- It was not properly signed or served
- It did not state when you’re expected to leave
- It was issued by someone without authority
Courts often strike out eviction cases because of defective notices.
Notable cases:
- Ariori v. Elemo (1983)
- Olayiwola v. Ojo (2018)
3. Identify Your Type of Tenancy
Your rights depend on whether you are:
- A yearly tenant
- A monthly tenant
- Someone holding over after an expired tenancy
Even if your tenancy has expired, your landlord must still issue a valid quit notice + 7-day notice before filing in court.
4. Communicate With Your Landlord
If you want to renew or need more time, reach out politely.
You may say:
“Dear [Landlord’s Name], I acknowledge receipt of your quit notice dated [insert date]. Due to current circumstances, I kindly request an extension of [duration] to secure new accommodation.”
Respectful communication can buy you time or lead to a renegotiation.
5. Seek Legal Advice Immediately
A lawyer can help you:
- Confirm whether the notice is valid
- Negotiate more time
- Respond to the landlord professionally
- Defend you in court if necessary
Remember:
A landlord has no right to evict you without a court order.
Any attempt to lock you out or remove your property is illegal.
(Iheanacho v. Uzochukwu, 1997)
6. Start Planning Your Move (If Necessary)
If the notice is valid and you don’t plan to renew, begin preparations early:
- Look for alternative accommodation
- Notify your household and plan logistics
- Document the condition of the property before leaving
This helps protect your caution fee and avoids disputes.
Common Mistakes Tenants Make
❌ Ignoring the notice
❌ Getting into arguments with the landlord
❌ Not keeping rent receipts
❌ Assuming an invalid notice cannot be corrected
❌ Moving out without proper handover documentation
Avoid these errors to protect yourself legally and financially.
If the Matter Goes to Court
If the landlord proceeds to court:
- Attend all hearings
- Provide rent receipts and communication records
- Present evidence showing you complied with your agreement
Courts often favor tenants who act reasonably and respectfully.
Final Word from LawHaven Solicitors
At LawHaven Solicitors, we know how frightening a quit notice can feel but you’re not powerless.
Whether you want to:
- Challenge a defective notice
- Negotiate more time
- Renew your tenancy
- Defend an eviction case
Our team is ready to guide you every step of the way.
📞 Contact LawHaven Solicitors today for help reviewing your notice or responding professionally.
References & Further Reading
- Lagos State Tenancy Law 2011: https://lagosstate.gov.ng/storage/2012/12/TENANCY-LAW.pdf
- NigerianLawGuru Quit Notice Samples: https://www.nigerianlawguru.com/forms_and_precedents/notice-to-quit/
- Cases: Ariori v Elemo (1983), Iheanacho v Uzochukwu (1997), Olayiwola v Ojo (2018)
- LawPavilion (case law database): https://lawpavilionpersonal.com/